Surge in Cyclosporiasis Cases Across 34 States: CDC Investigates

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) offices in Atlanta are monitoring a significant increase in cyclosporiasis cases reported across 34 states. This intestinal illness leads to symptoms like diarrhea, nausea, and fatigue. The exact source remains under investigation.

As of the latest data, the CDC has received reports of 1,645 confirmed cases of cyclosporiasis. The actual number could be even higher since these reports only account for cases directly communicated to the CDC. Delays in reporting and instances of recovery without medical treatment also affect these figures.

Hospitalizations and Spread

By Thursday, a total of 141 individuals required hospitalization due to cyclosporiasis, though no deaths have been reported. The CDC is investigating potential clusters of cases, some tied to a multistate outbreak involving Michigan, Ohio, West Virginia, and Kentucky.

Cyclosporiasis spreads through food or water contaminated with the Cyclospora parasite. Historically, outbreaks have linked to fresh produce. Examples include McDonald’s removing salads in 2018 due to contaminated ingredients and imports causing similar illness outbreaks in the past.

The source of this outbreak is what we eat or drink—not casual contact with someone who’s sick.— Gwen Biggerstaff, CDC’s Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases

Normally, cyclosporiasis cases rise in spring and summer. Yet, recent data show an unusual increase, particularly in the Midwest and Northeast.

Signs and Symptoms

Symptoms of cyclosporiasis can vary. Dr. Kawsar Talaat from Johns Hopkins Hospital advises seeking medical care if experiencing prolonged watery diarrhea, fatigue, or loss of appetite. Symptoms may last from a few days to recurring over time.

Testing is crucial for proper diagnosis. Unlike standard tests, specific laboratory analysis of stool samples is required to identify Cyclospora.

Prevention

• Cook produce thoroughly; heat can kill Cyclospora.
• Rinse fresh produce under running water before consumption.
• Practice good hygiene like handwashing before handling food.

Given the still unknown sources, public health officials emphasize caution with all fresh produce.

Treatment

Most cases of cyclosporiasis resolve without medical intervention. However, for those with severe symptoms, the antibiotic trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim or Septra) is effective. It’s important for vulnerable individuals, such as the elderly or immunocompromised, to seek treatment promptly.