Concerns Over Radioactive Oilfield Brine in Ohio Communities

For over 40 years, oilfield brine has been spread across Ohio roads despite its radioactive content posing significant health risks. This byproduct of oil and gas development is used in some townships in Licking County to control ice and dust. Researchers from Ohio State University are exploring the potential long-term health impacts on residents in areas where this brine is applied.

Research Efforts and Methodology

Dr. Arbor Quist, an environmental epidemiologist and professor at OSU, leads this exploratory study. Quist has spent a decade examining health effects tied to oil and gas development. The study, initiated this summer, involves data collection through unconventional methods, such as gathering toenail clippings, naturally shed baby teeth, and soil samples. To be eligible, adults must have lived in Licking County for at least a year. Parents can donate a child’s baby tooth if the child resided in the county during specific prenatal and early life periods. Participants receive gift cards for their contributions.

The issue of brine use extends beyond Licking County. The Ohio Department of Natural Resources reviewed brine from 107 wells across 10 formations in 26 counties. According to state code, all samples were too radioactive for environmental discharge.

Health Risks and Public Concerns

Chronic exposure to radium, prevalent in wellfield brine, can heighten the risk of bone, liver, or breast cancer, as highlighted by the Environmental Protection Agency. Radium, similar to calcium, is absorbed by bones. As it decays, radium forms radon, a gas linked as the second major cause of lung cancer nationwide. Licking County is a notable hotspot for radon exposure, based on a 2025 investigation by The Columbus Dispatch.

Local resident Jacque Morgan voices concerns over brine remnants. Rain can transport radium to gardens or waterways, complicating efforts to ensure safety. Brine spreading has been legal statewide since 1985. While some municipalities accept brine from well owners eager to offload it, others, like the Buckeye Environmental Network, advocate for alternatives.

Legislation and Community Actions

Ohio Senate Bill 329 aims to halt brine road spreading. Although the bill underwent a hearing in February, no further actions have followed. Morgan and advocates engaged with Sen. Tim Shaffer, expressing hope for nonpartisan support due to public health implications. Granville Township opted for a water and salt mix for de-icing, avoiding the pollutants in brine.

Morgan emphasizes the urgency of prioritizing health over economic gains. She advocates for healthier environments if communities reap oil and gas benefits. On September 19, Quist plans to present at the Granville Farmers Market, engaging parents in affected areas. “People show interest and curiosity,” Quist states.

Morgan remains skeptical about the immediate impact of the research, yet hopes it contributes to informed decision-making for community well-being. She aspires for the study to influence justice and lifestyle decisions positively.

This article was first published by The Reporting Project and shared through a partnership with The Associated Press.