South Africa Addresses Illegal Migration Amid Rising Tensions

CAPE TOWN, South Africa — President Cyril Ramaphosa pledged on Sunday to address concerns over illegal migration in South Africa. His remarks followed an increase in anti-immigrant protests and sentiment in the country. Other African nations have reported that their citizens are targets of xenophobia.

In a national television address focused on migration, Ramaphosa acknowledged the tensions. Anti-migrant protest groups have demanded that illegal foreign nationals leave by June 30, seeking dialogue with the government.

South Africa has a history of violence linked to anger over migrants. In 2008, over 60 people died in what international rights groups labeled xenophobic attacks. Recently, groups advocating for stricter immigration policies have gained visibility through protests. They claim that illegal migrants worsen unemployment and strain public services like health and education.

Many South Africans are raising difficult but legitimate questions, Ramaphosa stated. These concerns are real. They deserve to be heard, and they deserve to be addressed.

However, Ramaphosa emphasized that only government officials may enforce laws, warning that some groups are inciting tensions.

Estimates suggest that 2 to 5 million people live in South Africa illegally out of a population of 62 million. As the wealthiest nation in the region, South Africa attracts migrants from Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Lesotho, Nigeria, Ghana, Malawi, and Ethiopia. This pattern has existed for decades.

Recently, Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya, and Mozambique reported threats and violence against their citizens in South Africa. Ghana repatriated about 300 citizens last month, offering more the chance to return due to these threats. Mozambique reported five of its citizens killed in xenophobic attacks in Mossel Bay.

Focus on immigration grew after South Africa’s coalition government formed in 2024. Over the past two years, authorities deported more than 100,000 illegal migrants. Ramaphosa stated that 450,000 undocumented individuals were stopped at the border last year.

Ramaphosa acknowledged past inadequacies in migration management and promised decisive government action. He also urged South Africans not to turn against one another over migration issues.